Spirituality Studies 15 Phan Thi Tho et al. fectively alleviated burnout and helped restore participants’ psychological connection to their professional roles. 4.1.3 Professional Efficacy (PE) The chart presents mean scores for PE, an inverse indicator of burnout, measured pre- and post-intervention. The mean PE score at baseline was 2.57 (Very Low), indicating diminished self-efficacy. Post-intervention, the score rose to 3.64 (Low), representing a notable improvement of over one categorical level. Consistent with this improvement, professional efficacy increased significantly, from M = 2.57 (SD = 0.62) to M = 3.64 (SD = 0.59), t(59) = −4.73, p <.001. This increase in PE aligned with concurrent reductions in Exhaustion and Cynicism, suggesting that the intervention effectively alleviated burnout symptoms and enhanced participants’ sense of professional competence. 4.2 Well-Being Outcomes The chart below illustrates the remarkable progress in participants’ subjective well-being, as evidenced by the WHO-5 Well-Being Index before and after the intervention. Item-level analysis of the WHO-5 revealed significant improvements across all five dimensions following the intervention (Table 4). For example, feelings of cheerfulness increased from a mean of 1.92 (SD =.809) to 3.67 (SD =.655), t(59) = −13.02, p <.001. Comparable improvements were observed for calmness, vigor, restfulness, and interest in daily life, all demonstrating statistically significant gains (all p <.001). The total WHO-5 score also improved markedly from 1.62 (SD =.621) to 3.21 (SD =.424), t(59) = −16.42, p <.001, reflecting a substantial enhancement in participants’ overall well-being. 4.3 Summary of Feasibility Outcomes and Pre-Post Estimates Consistent with the study’s feasibility aim, pre-post analyses indicated substantial within-participant improvements from baseline to immediate post-retreat. Exhaustion and Cynicism decreased, while Professional Efficacy increased, and WHO‑5 well-being scores improved across all items. These pre-post differences should be interpreted as preliminary signals associated with participation in the retreat and warrant confirmation in future controlled studies. First, participants’ levels of Exhaustion significantly decreased following the intervention, with mean scores dropping from 4.66 (classified as Very High) to 1.87 (Medium Low), indicating a 2.79-point reduction across three severity levels. This suggests a substantial improvement in emotional well-being and reduced burnout-related fatigue. Second, Cynicism levels also declined markedly, with mean scores falling from 3.84 (High) to 1.24 (Medium Low), representing a 2.6-point drop and reflecting enhanced emotional engagement and reduced detachment from work. Third, Professional Efficacy improved significantly, rising from a mean score of 2.57 (Very Low) to 3.64 (Low), indicating increased self-perceived competence, motivation, and a sense of professional accomplishment. Lastly, results from the WHO-5 revealed notable improvements across all five affective domains: participants reported feeling more cheerful, calm, active, refreshed, and interested in daily life. Overall, WHO-5 scores rose from a baseline range of 24–38% to a post-intervention range of 60–70%, reflecting a clear shift from psychological distress to moderate-to-high levels of well-being. Collectively, these outcomes highlight the effectiveness of the WPRM in reducing burnout and enhancing psychological resilience and vitality. 4.4 Exploratory Post‑Retreat Debrief Reflections: Contextual Findings Brief debrief reflections were analyzed to provide preliminary context for the quantitative patterns. Given the short duration of interviews and the feasibility scope, themes should be interpreted as exploratory and not exhaustive. Immediately after the retreat, participants completed brief individual debrief interviews focused on (a) perceived changes, (b) obstacles during practice, and (c) strategies used to overcome obstacles. An exploratory thematic review of responses identified four preliminary themes, illustrated with selected verbatim excerpts (P01–P60).
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