Spirituality Studies 141 Muhammad Japar et al. collectivistic, religiously grounded cultures where individual spiritual development and social responsibility are equally prioritized. In Islamic theology, this duality is reflected in the concepts of tajdid al-iman (Ar. “renewal of personal faith”) corresponding to self-oriented meaning, and khidmah (Ar. “community service”) and amanah (Ar. “moral responsibility toward others”) corresponding to other-oriented meaning (Rahman 2023, 312). However, empirical research examining how therapeutic interventions differentially affect these two dimensions particularly among adolescents negotiating personal identity within social role expectations remains limited. The gaps I propose to address here are threefold. First, while there are purported theoretical discussions surrounding Islamic psychology, and while there are documented individual benefits from the use of REBT, religious music, and certain forms of controlled, passive, sitting meditative practices, to the best of my knowledge, there are no studies that systematically combine all of these elements into a fully developed, evidence-based, manualized group intervention for the Islamic adolescent/teenage population. This is the first, and perhaps the most, significant gap. Although there has been theoretical discussion surrounding the self-oriented and other-oriented meanings, in Islamic psychology, both are significant, and there is a lack of empirical evidence to demonstrate how the two meanings are affected, differently, by therapeutic interventions. This is especially the case with Islamic culture, where both meanings are theologically, as well as psychologically, significant. REBT, in and of itself, is designed to negotiate the pathways for each of these dimensions and, therefore, is best suited for such an intervention. The fourth gap (or perhaps the fourth and the most significant gap) is the lack of empirically sound studies examining how the noted gender differences shape the responses of Muslim adolescents to integrated psychotherapies. Considering that adolescents of different genders may respond differently to the cognitive aspects of REBT due to unique emotions and social expectations surrounding each gender, the analysis of treatment effect differentials is fundamental to constructing gender-sensitive protocols. This study addresses these gaps through a pilot pre-experimental investigation of REBT integrated with Islamic music and relaxation therapy for Muslim adolescents. The research objectives are: 1. To document gender-related differences in self-oriented and other-oriented meaning across pre-test, post-test, and follow-up measurements as the primary empirical focus of this pilot investigation. 2. To provide preliminary descriptive patterns of change across measurement points as feasibility indicators for future controlled trials. 3. To report preliminary psychometric properties of a newly developed 8-item meaning in life scale as an instrumentation component of the feasibility assessment. This investigation offers three primary contributions. First, it provides the first feasibility assessment of an integrated REBT-Islamic music-relaxation intervention, operationalizing Islamic psychological constructs within an evidence-based therapeutic framework. Second, as part of the feasibility assessment, it reports preliminary psychometric properties of a newly developed meaning in life scale suitable for Muslim adolescent populations. Third, it documents exploratory gender-related patterns as descriptive secondary findings to inform the design of future gender-sensitive controlled trials. The theoretical rationale for gender-differentiated hypotheses (H1 and H2) is grounded in Islamic socialization theory and developmental psychology. In Indonesian Islamic educational and familial contexts, male adolescents are typically socialized toward roles that emphasize public religious responsibility, communal leadership, and visible expressions of purpose and moral commitment dimensions that closely correspond to both self-oriented meaning (personal purpose, identity coherence) and other-oriented meaning (social contribution, relational significance) as operationalized in this study (Rahman 2023, 312; Nuriman et al. 2024, 117). Islamic religious obligations such as “congregational prayer” (Ar. salat al-jama’ah) and “communal duties”
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