Spirituality Studies 149 Muhammad Japar et al. Table 4 Combined Prerequisite Tests: Normality and Homogeneity of Covariance Matrices for SOM and OOM Test Measure Pre-test Post-test Follow-up Statistic p Kolmogorov-Smirnov (Asymp. Sig.) SOM .052 .062 .054 — >.05 OOM .062 .065 .052 — >.05 Box’s M Test SOM M = 7.762 — — F = 1.205 .300 OOM M = 10.932 — — F = 1.697 .117 * Assumption satisfied. SOM = Self-Oriented Meaning; OOM = Other-Oriented Meaning. Table 5 Descriptive Statistics for Self-Oriented Meaning (SOM) and OtherOriented Meaning (OOM) by Gender and Time Point Measure Gender Pre-test M (SD) Post-test M (SD) Follow-up M (SD) N Self-Oriented Meaning Male 17.39 (2.37) 16.70 (2.36) 16.13 (2.72) 23 Female 13.37 (5.21) 13.04 (4.57) 13.26 (5.20) 27 Total 15.22 (4.59) 14.72 (4.12) 14.58 (4.45) 50 Other-Oriented Meaning Male 16.48 (2.41) 16.48 (2.54) 17.17 (2.79) 23 Female 13.22 (4.94) 13.00 (4.49) 12.74 (5.50) 27 Total 14.72 (4.27) 14.60 (4.08) 14.78 (4.95) 50 Table 6 Combined Multivariate Tests for SOM and OOM with Effect Sizes Effect Wilks’ λ F Hyp. df Error df p Partial η² Interpretation Between Subjects: Gender .806 5.648 2.000 47.000 .006 .194 Large Within Subjects: Time .836 2.215 4.000 45.000 .082 .164 Large Time × Gender Interaction .717 4.443 4.000 45.000 .004 .283 Large * Partial η² values were computed as 1 – Wilks’ λ, consistent with the recommended formula for Wilks’ λ-based multivariate effect size estimation (Cohen 1988). Effect size interpretation follows Cohen’s conventions: small η² =.01, medium η² =.06, large η² =.14. SOM = Self-Oriented Meaning; OOM = Other-Oriented Meaning.
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