and Rosh Hashannah and Yom Kippur in the fall (Rosh Chodesh – The New Month, Rosh Hashanah – The Jewish New Year, Yom Kippur – Day of Atonemet, Sukkot – Feast of Booths, Hanukkah – Festival of Lights, Purim – Festival of Lots, Tu Bishvat – New Year of the Trees, Pesach – Passover, Shavout – Feast of Weeks, etc.). These holidays may affect the scheduling of medical procedures and may involve dietary changes (related to a need for special food or to a desire to fast). All Jewish holidays run sundown-to-sundown. We were interested in knowledge on transgeneration transmission of trauma. Respondents answered the question if they have ever encountered this issue in their time of study (Table 4, Figure 4) and if they are interested in including the issue of transgeneration transmission trauma to health care providers’ education (Table 5, Figure 5). 5 Discussion and developing policy context The feelings of loneliness that sons and daughters of Holocaust survivors recalled from childhood and adolescence have been studied by means of their narratives about interpersonal experiences with their patients. Research on childhood and adolescent loneliness was focused on relationships with peers (Asher et al. 1984; Parkhurst and Hopmeyer 1999) and relationships with parents (Goossens and Marcoen 1999). Based on their research, Wiseman (2008) assumed that growing up with parents who had endured massive trauma would be manifested in the offspring’s recalled relational experiences in the context of the survivor family. The four major categories that emerged from the narrative analysis of the loneliness accounts appear to represent varying tones and salient echoes of the parental trauma as expressed in the narrator´s account. Providing culturally sensitive nursing care for the Jewish patient is a challenge for the non-Jewish nurse. Understanding the major values, ethics, and practices of Judaism that have relevance to nursing and social care will give practice nurse the ability to provide care that is individualized to the patient and family. New perspectives are needed in creating adequate practices for both the victims of the first and the second generation, those providing health and social care as well as health professionals who have to work with patients with this problem. Creating practices with strong support at the organizational level and establishing practices throughout the fields of health and social care are the key elements in building a responsible approach to this issue. 6 Conclusion Victims originating from the first to the second generation due to personal experience with the cruelty of the Holocaust or the transgenerational transmission of trauma suffer from health problems requiring specialized medical care. Employees of hospitals and social care institutions should be aware that the personal history of every human significantly determines his/her behavior Spirituality Studies 1 (1) Spring 2015 133 (11)
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